![]() ![]() As the French and English battled for control along the Atlantic Coast and in Canada, they made allegiances with tribes. Internal competition among both American Indian and European sides of the trading partnership led to conflicts. They brought with them manufactured goods - blankets, cookware, knives, guns - to exchange for beaver, deer and other skins that sold for high prices in Europe. The earliest French and English people these tribes encountered were not settlers competing for lands fur trappers and traders. French and English colonies along the Atlantic Coast displaced eastern American Indian tribes who were forced west to compete with existing tribes. The arrival of Europeans on the continent had an impact on the Midwest long before permanent settlers came. They established villages to which they returned for many years after seasonal deer and buffalo hunts. By around 1,200 C.E., corn had migrated along the Gulf Coast and up the Mississippi to tribes in the Upper Midwest who became known as the Oneota culture. Gradually, groups began to plant and harvest gardens of corn, beans, pumpkins and squash and gather nuts, berries and fruits to supplement their meat supply. They lived along the edges of the receding glaciers and hunted large game animals. The first people to live in what we now call Iowa may have arrived some 8,000-10,000 years ago. How does the Meskwaki (Sac and Fox) Indian experience in Iowa compare to the experience of tribes in other parts of the United States? ![]()
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